Azimuth Calculator

Precise azimuth between points, sun position with altitude, and combine azimuths. Ideal for surveying, astronomy, and antenna alignment.

? Between Two Points
☀️ Sun Azimuth
? Combine Azimuths
Calculate the azimuth from Point A to Point B. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north (0°–360°). Distance in km is also shown.
Point A (Start)
Point B (End)
Calculate sun's azimuth and altitude at a specific location and time. Based on NOAA solar position algorithm (accurate to ±0.5°). For sunrise/sunset times, accuracy may be lower.
Location
Date & Time
Add or subtract azimuth angles (e.g., for bisected angles or offset calculations).
45.0°
N E S W
Quadrant Bearing
N 45° E
Back Azimuth
225°
Compass Direction
NE
Great circle azimuth from NY to Boston
? Compare with NOAA Solar Calculator
? NYC → Boston ? LA → San Francisco ?? London → Paris ☀️ NYC Summer Solstice 2pm ? Bisect 45° & 135°

? Understanding Azimuth

Azimuth is the angle measured clockwise from north to a direction or point. In surveying and navigation, it ranges from 0° to 360°.

  • North: 0° or 360°
  • East: 90°
  • South: 180°
  • West: 270°
Calculation Methods
Method Description Use Case
Great Circle Shortest path on Earth's surface. Azimuth changes along the path. Air/navigation, long distances
Rhumb Line Constant bearing path. Easier to navigate. Marine navigation, constant heading
Sun Azimuth Sun's position relative to north at given time/location. Solar panel alignment, photography
Bisected Azimuth Average of two azimuths, used for angle bisectors. Land surveying, antenna alignment
Forward vs Back Azimuth

For rhumb lines, the back azimuth is simply forward azimuth + 180° (mod 360). For great circles, the relationship is more complex and depends on distance.

Quadrant Bearings

Quadrant bearings express direction relative to north or south (e.g., N45°E means 45° east of north). This calculator automatically converts.

❓ Frequently Asked Questions
What's the difference between azimuth and bearing?
Azimuth is always measured clockwise from north (0-360°). Bearing can be expressed as azimuth or as quadrant bearing (e.g., N45°E). In surveying, "bearing" often refers to quadrant bearings.
How accurate is the sun azimuth calculation?
Our calculation is based on NOAA algorithms, accurate to within ±0.5° for most locations. Near sunrise/sunset, atmospheric refraction may introduce slightly larger errors (indicated by a warning).
Why do great circle and rhumb line azimuths differ?
Great circle paths are the shortest distance but require constant heading changes. Rhumb lines maintain constant bearing but are longer. The azimuth difference can be significant over long distances.
What is azimuth used for in antenna alignment?
Satellite dishes and microwave links require precise azimuth pointing toward the target. Our calculator helps determine the correct horizontal orientation.