Assess climate change impacts and develop adaptation strategies.
Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. These shifts may be natural, but since the 1800s, human activities have been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to the burning of fossil fuels.
Key Climate Change Indicators:
| Scenario | Radiative Forcing | Temperature Increase by 2100 | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| RCP 2.6 / SSP1-2.6 | 2.6 W/m² | 1.0-1.8°C | Very stringent mitigation scenario |
| RCP 4.5 / SSP2-4.5 | 4.5 W/m² | 2.1-3.5°C | Intermediate stabilization scenario |
| RCP 6.0 / SSP4-6.0 | 6.0 W/m² | 2.6-4.3°C | Stabilization without overshoot |
| RCP 8.5 / SSP5-8.5 | 8.5 W/m² | 3.3-5.7°C | High greenhouse gas emissions |
Scientific Consensus: The overwhelming majority of climate scientists agree that human activities are the primary driver of current climate change. Immediate and substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions are necessary to limit the most severe impacts.